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Table 1 Description of the study population

From: Vaccine refusal and hesitancy in Spain: an online cross-sectional questionnaire

Sociodemographic data

Total

N = 1312

*Responders to Q25

n = 1294

Refusers

n = 218

Sex:

   

Men

326 (25.5%)

325 (25.5%)

53 (24.5%)

Women

954 (74.5%)

952 (74.5%)

163 (75.5%)

Age:

   

30 years old or less

180 (14.0%)

180 (14.0%)

25 (11.6%)

31–59 years old

948 (73.7%)

947 (73.8%)

151 (69.9%)

60 years old or more

159 (12.4%)

157 (12.2%)

40 (18.5%)

University degree:

   

No

374 (29.0%)

372 (28.9%)

58 (26.7%)

Yes

915 (71.0%)

914 (71.1%)

159 (73.3%)

Parental Status: Presence of children under 15 years old

   

Yes

604 (46.9%)

603 (46.9%)

106 (48.6%)

No

685 (53.1%)

683 (53.1%)

112 (51.4%)

Religious beliefs:

   

Supportive of vaccination

467 (35.6%)

466 (36.0%)

51 (23.4%)

Opposed to vaccination

6 (0.5%)

6 (0.5%)

2 (0.9%)

No opinion

237 (18.1%)

220 (17.0%)

61 (28.0%)

Non-believer

494 (37.7%)

494 (38.2%)

92 (42.2%)

Uncertain

108 (8.2%)

108 (8.3%)

12 (5.5%)

Cultural Stance on Vaccination:

   

Supportive of vaccination

1111 (84.7%)

1109 (85.7%)

161 (73.9%)

Opposed to vaccination

14 (1.07%)

14 (1.08%)

9 (4.13%)

No opinion

128 (9.76%)

112 (8.66%)

36 (16.5%)

Uncertain

59 (4.50%)

59 (4.56%)

12 (5.50%)

Family Stance on Vaccination:

   

Supportive of vaccination

1165 (88.8%)

1163 (89.9%)

164 (75.2%)

Opposed to vaccination

32 (2.44%)

32 (2.47%)

14 (6.42%)

No opinion

90 (6.86%)

74 (5.72%)

31 (14.2%)

Uncertain

25 (1.91%)

25 (1.93%)

9 (4.13%)

Vaccination Attitudes and Behaviors

Total

N = 1312

*Responders to Q25

n = 1294

Refusers

n = 218

Vaccine Refusal History: Has refused at least one vaccine

218 (16.8%)

1294

218 (16.8%)

1294

218 (100%)

218

Type of Vaccine Refused:

      

Diptheria

15 (1.14%)

1312

15 (1.16%)

1294

15 (6.88%)

218

Influenza

135 (10.3%)

1312

135 (10.4%)

1294

135 (61.9%)

218

Haemophilus influenzae type B

8 (0.61%)

1312

8 (0.62%)

1294

8 (3.67%)

218

Hepatitis A

18 (1.37%)

1312

18 (1.39%)

1294

18 (8.26%)

218

Hepatitis B

28 (2.13%)

1312

28 (2.16%)

1294

28 (12.8%)

218

Meningococcus ACWY (Nimenrix®, Menveo®)

15 (1.14%)

1312

15 (1.16%)

1294

15 (6.88%)

218

Meningococcus B

(Bexero®, Trumemba®)

18 (1.37%)

1312

18 (1.39%)

1294

18 (8.26%)

218

Meningococcus C

12 (0.91%)

1312

12 (0.93%)

1294

12 (5.50%)

218

Pneumococcus

15 (1.14%)

1312

15 (1.16%)

1294

15 (6.88%)

218

Polio

15 (1.14%)

1312

15 (1.16%)

1294

15 (6.88%)

218

Rotavirus

(Rotarix ®, Rotateq®)

24 (1.83%)

1312

24 (1.85%)

1294

24 (11.0%)

218

Tetanus

40 (3.05%)

1312

40 (3.09%)

1294

40 (18.3%)

218

Whooping cough

14 (1.07%)

1312

14 (1.08%)

1294

14 (6.42%)

218

Triple vírica (MMR))

22 (1.68%)

1312

22 (1.70%)

1294

22 (10.1%)

218

Papilloma virus HPV

35 (2.67%)

1312

35 (2.70%)

1294

35 (16.1%)

218

Varicella

31 (2.36%)

1312

31 (2.40%)

1294

31 (14.2%)

218

I do not remember

37 (2.82%)

1312

37 (2.86%)

1294

37 (17.0%)

218

Number of vaccines refused

0.37 (1.54)

1312

0.37 (1.55)

1294

2.21 (3.19)

218

Vaccine Refusal for Specific Individuals

      

Son(s) and/or Daughter(s)

75 (5.72%)

1312

75 (5.80%)

1294

75 (34.4%)

218

Parents

8 (0.61%)

1312

8 (0.62%)

1294

8 (3.67%)

218

Self

160 (12.2%)

1312

160 (12.4%)

1294

160 (73.4%)

218

Others

8 (0.61%)

1312

8 (0.62%)

1294

8 (3.67%)

218

Hesitancy Due to Vaccine Components: Presence of doubts due to components such as thiomersal, aluminum, mercury, or formaldehyde

362 (28.1%)

1287

359 (28.0%)

1284

99 (45.4%)

218

Hesitancy Due to Vaccine-Associated Health Risks: Presence of doubts due to associations with diseases such as cancer, allergies, autism, sudden infant death syndrome, multiple sclerosis, asthma, or immune system alterations

399 (30.9%)

1290

398 (30.9%)

1288

101 (46.3%)

218

Hesitancy Due to Vaccine Cost: Presence of doubts due to the necessity of paying for certain vaccines

374 (29.0%)

1288

373 (29.0%)

1286

68 (31.8%)

214

Agreement with Vaccination

 

1291

 

1288

 

214

Totally agree

982 (76.1%)

 

982 (76.2%)

 

112 (52.3%)

 

Somewhat agree

216 (16.7%)

 

215 (16.7%)

 

60 (28.0%)

 

Neutral

32 (2.48%)

 

32 (2.48%)

 

13 (6.07%)

 

Somewhat disagree

44 (3.41%)

 

43 (3.34%)

 

18 (8.41%)

 

Totally disagree

17 (1.32%)

 

16 (1.24%)

 

11 (5.14%)

 
  1. ¹Responded to the question of whether they had ever refused a vaccine
  2. Sum of percentages might be slightly different from 100 because of roundings