Is alcohol use disorder associated with higher rates of depression and anxiety among people with new onset type 2 diabetes? A cohort study using linked primary care data in England

Table 4 Incidence rate ratio for incident depression following diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) by whether people have an Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) code in their medical record prior to diagnosis

N = 439,494^a		Model 1^b		Model 2^c		Model 3^d		P value for difference model 3
N = 439,494^a		Incidence rate ratio	95% CI	Incidence rate ratio	95% CI	Incidence rate ratio	95% CI
Total sample		2.44	2.37, 2.52	2.00	1.93, 2.06	1.45	1.41, 1.50
Stratified by calendar time^e	2004–2007	2.53	2.31, 2.77	2.11	2.04, 2.18	1.50	1.45, 1.55	P = 0.91
	2008–2011	2.50	2.35, 2.67	2.04	1.92, 2.18	1.50	1.41, 1.60
	2012–2015	2.62	2.46, 2.79	2.13	2.00, 2.27	1.52	1.43, 1.62
	2016–2019	2.69	2.56, 2.84	2.16	2.05, 2.28	1.49	1.42, 1.57
Stratified by history of depression	No history of depression	1.81	1.71, 1.91	1.60	1.52, 1.69	1.56^f	1.48, 1.64	P = 0.002
Stratified by history of depression	History of depression	1.66	1.59, 1.73	1.48	1.42, 1.54	1.40^f	1.34, 1.46	P = 0.002
AUD stratified by likely drinking status at time of T2DM diagnosis	Not currently drinking	2.54	2.41, 2.68	2.07	1.96, 2.18	1.36	1.29, 1.44	P = 0.003
	Currently drinking	2.39	2.30, 2.49	1.96	1.88, 2.03	1.51	1.45, 1.57	P = 0.003

^aTotal sample with no missing data on any variables within the model
^bSex, age and year of T2D diagnosis, current age and calendar time
^cModel 1 + region, IMD quintile, ethnicity, BMI, smoking status, number of co-morbidities from Charlson co-morbidity index
^dModel 2 + past history of depression, past history of anxiety, past history of severe mental illness
^eNot adjusted for calendar year of T2DM diagnosis to avoid over adjustment
^fNot adjusted for past history of depression to avoid over adjustment

ISSN: 2731-4553