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Table 2 Result of logistic regressions of factors associated with patient safety incidents in general practices in Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic

From: Patient safety incidents in Irish general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory practice level analysis

 

Delayed care/Practice

OR (CI 95%)

Delayed care/Patient

OR (CI 95%)

Delayed care/Triage

OR (CI 95%)

Model I a

Model IIb

Model I a

Model IIb

Model I a

Model IIb

Location of practice

 Big (inner)city

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Suburbs /(Small) town

3.01 (1.04 to 10.07)

4.19 (1.05 to 19.82)

0.85 (0.31 to 2.21)

0.86 (0.22 to 3.2)

1.02 (0.38 to 2.86)

0.79 (0.23 to 2.94)

 Mixed urban–rural / Rural

1.47 (0.48 to 5.07)

1.88 (0.47 to 8.69)

1.21 (0.42 to 3.25)

1.11 (0.28 to 4.2)

0.52 (0.18 to 1.52)

0.32 (0.08 to 1.23)

Number of people actively work

 Paid staff

1.00 (0.95 to 1.06)

-

1.11 (1.04 to 1.19)

-

1.04 (0.99 to 1.10)

-

 Unpaid staff

0.95 (0.46 to 1.84)

-

0.84 (0.44 to 1.67)

-

1.33 (0.67 to 2.57)

-

Number of GPs

 

-

 

-

 

-

 4 or more

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

 2 to 3

1.17 (0.56 to 2.42)

-

0.61 (0.28 to 1.3)

-

0.94 (0.45 to 1.94)

-

 1

0.28 (0.07 to 0.84)

-

0.17 (0.06 to 0.44)

-

0.41 (0.12 to 1.16)

-

Number of GPs trainees

 

-

 

-

 

-

 2 or more

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

 1

1.28 (0.25 to 7.07)

-

0.73 (0.10 to 3.42)

-

0.45 (0.09 to 2.14)

-

 0

0.65 (0.13 to 3.51)

-

0.46 (0.06 to 2.02)

-

0.43 (0.09 to 1.96)

-

Practice manager working in practice

 Yes

2.47 (1.06 to 6.29)

-

1.29 (0.61 to 2.65)

-

1.52 (0.71 to 3.45)

-

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Nurse or care providers working in practice

 Yes

3.29 (1.14 to 11.9)

-

4.43 (1.76 to 11.87)

-

2.66 (0.94 to 9.56)

-

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Size of this practice (number of patients)

 Under 2000

0.34 (0.08 to 1.16)

1.06 (0.17 to 5.6)

0.21 (0.06 to 0.61)

0.85 (0.19 to 3.65)

0.59 (0.16 to 1.94)

1.82 (0.35 to 9.07)

 2000 to 3999

1.31 (0.51 to 3.41)

4.23 (1.15 to 17.06)

1.00 (0.38 to 2.63)

3.35 (0.95 to 12.93)

1.17 (0.45 to 3.07)

1.89 (0.55 to 6.89)

 4000 to 5999

0.76 (0.26 to 2.15)

1.23 (0.34 to 4.57)

0.92 (0.33 to 2.53)

1.83 (0.53 to 6.74)

1.29 (0.47 to 3.58)

1.98 (0.58 to 7.15)

 6000 to 7999

1.92 (0.60 to 6.31)

2.52 (0.61 to 11.02)

2.82 (0.75 to 13.7)

4.74 (1.05 to 27.61)

1.39 (0.44 to 4.35)

1.73 (0.44 to 6.90)

 8000 and over

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Strategies implemented

Support telephone triagec

 Always

0.40 (0.11 to 1.36)

0.48 (0.11 to 1.99)

0.86 (0.22 to 2.82)

1.99 (0.39 to 9.24)

0.34 (0.10 to 1.09)

0.46 (0.11 to 1.85)

 Never/Rarely/Sometimes/Mostly

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Collaborationd

 Always

0.56 (0.26 to 1.19)

0.77 (0.29 to 1.91)

0.40 (0.19 to 0.83)

0.35 (0.14 to 0.87)

0.49 (0.21 to 1.05)

0.59 (0.23 to 1.43)

 Never/Rarely/Sometimes/Usually

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Measures guarding patient safety±

 Limiting the number of patients in waiting room

0.82 (0.33 to 2.07)

2.08 (0.53 to 8.59)

0.48 (0.16 to 1.22)

1.77 (0.33 to 9.85)

0.95 (0.38 to 2.51)

1.34 (0.37 to 4.96)

 No longer use the waiting room

1.89 (0.94 to 3.83)

2.03 (0.63 to 6.66)

2.72 (1.31 to 5.94)

2.78 (0.81 to 11.14)

1.67 (0.84 to 3.35)

2.32 (0.79 to 6.79)

 Structural changes to the reception area

3.80 (1.60 to 10.15)

3.46 (1.19 to 11.4)

2.77 (1.31 to 5.89)

1.64 (0.60 to 4.49)

1.84 (0.82 to 4.47)

1.25 (0.46 to 3.63)

 Changing process of repeat prescription

2.26 (1.12 to 4.65)

2.41 (0.87 to 6.99)

3.78 (1.90 to 7.71)

6.71 (2.54 to 19.6)

2.17 (1.09 to 4.46)

2.27 (0.89 to 6.08)

 Using e-script or health mail for prescriptions

0.90 (0.27 to 3.21)

1.05 (0.25 to 4.63)

1.27 (0.36 to 4.03)

0.67 (0.16 to 2.68)

0.75 (0.23 to 2.60)

0.59 (0.15 to 2.43)

  1. aModel I: Univariate logistic regressions
  2. bModel II: Multivariate logistic regressions
  3. cSupport telephone triage: In the situation where, telephone triage is performed by someone other than a GP in this practice and he/she needs support when assessing a call, he/she can rely on support from a GP
  4. dCollaboration: If an incident about quality of care occurs in the practice, this is discussed at a(n) (online) team meeting (either with the whole team or only with the health professionals)
  5. ±Performing triage before patients entering this practice, performing telephone triage, increasing infection control practices, and performing video consultations were not included in these models because they had few data in category “Unchecked/No”
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